Poland and the Euro: A decision best left for the future

Poland’s potential entry into the eurozone remains a recurring topic in public debate, and with good reason. The implications of adopting the euro extend far beyond simple currency exchange; they touch on the country’s long-term economic trajectory, financial stability, and political alignment within the European Union. Yet despite these stakes, the prevailing sentiment among the Polish public is clear: now is not the time.

A recent survey by the Warsaw Enterprise Institute shows that 74% of Poles are opposed to adopting the euro, while just 26% are in favor. The trend is steadily moving away from support. A similar poll in 2024 showed 33% in favor, and in 2023, 35%. The sharp decline in approval suggests that economic uncertainty and concerns about national autonomy continue to shape public attitudes. Supporters of the euro tend to be older or business-oriented individuals who emphasize benefits like reduced currency risk, easier international trade, and greater macroeconomic stability. Meanwhile, critics worry primarily about rising prices and reduced living standards (51%), loss of monetary sovereignty (26%), and increased dependence on Brussels (17%).

The debate, however, is more complex than a binary choice between adopting or rejecting the common currency. The euro is not a panacea, nor is it an inherent threat. It can offer real benefits—but only if Poland joins under the right circumstances. Entering the eurozone prematurely, without the economic resilience and institutional strength required for such a transition, could do more harm than good.

Poland is still in a phase of convergence with Western economies. Its growth cycle, inflation profile, and wage dynamics differ significantly from those of countries already using the euro. Giving up control over monetary policy—especially in times of crisis—would remove a vital lever of national economic management. This is a risk that cannot be overlooked.

Beyond economics, social and political readiness must also be considered. The euro remains a divisive issue domestically, and public trust in European institutions fluctuates. Pushing ahead with euro adoption in the face of widespread skepticism could undermine confidence and create deeper divisions.

Poland’s goal should not be to join the eurozone as a quick fix or a political gesture, but to enter as a strong and prepared partner. That means prioritizing economic development, fiscal discipline, and institutional reform. Once those foundations are in place, the euro can serve as the next logical step in Poland’s European integration—not the beginning of the journey, but its culmination.

Author: Łukasz Wojdyga, Director of the Center for Strategic, WEI